#### Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. **Which of the following is the correct unit of force?**
a) Newton
b) Joule
c) Watt
d) Pascal
**Answer: a) Newton**
2. **A body is moving in a circular path with uniform speed. Which of the following statements is correct?**
a) The velocity is constant
b) The acceleration is zero
c) The velocity is changing
d) The force is zero
**Answer: c) The velocity is changing**
3. **The dimensional formula for work is:**
a) \( [M L T^{-2}] \)
b) \( [M L^2 T^{-2}] \)
c) \( [M L T^{-1}] \)
d) \( [M L^2 T^{-1}] \)
**Answer: b) [M L^2 T^{-2}]**
4. **If a body is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of \( 20 \, m/s \), what will be its velocity at the highest point of its journey?**
a) \( 0 \, m/s \)
b) \( 10 \, m/s \)
c) \( 20 \, m/s \)
d) \( -20 \, m/s \)
**Answer: a) 0 m/s**
5. **The momentum of an object is given by the product of its:**
a) Mass and acceleration
b) Mass and velocity
c) Force and time
d) Force and displacement
**Answer: b) Mass and velocity**
6. **Newton's third law of motion states that:**
a) Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
b) Force is equal to mass times acceleration
c) The rate of change of momentum is proportional to the applied force
d) An object remains in a state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force
**Answer: a) Every action has an equal and opposite reaction**
7. **Which of the following quantities is a scalar?**
a) Velocity
b) Acceleration
c) Force
d) Work
**Answer: d) Work**
8. **The gravitational potential energy of an object of mass \( m \) at height \( h \) is:**
a) \( \frac{1}{2} mgh \)
b) \( mgh \)
c) \( 2mgh \)
d) \( \frac{mgh}{2} \)
**Answer: b) \( mgh \)**
9. **In projectile motion, the horizontal component of velocity:**
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) Remains constant
d) First increases then decreases
**Answer: c) Remains constant**
10. **A body of mass \( 2 \, kg \) is acted upon by a force of \( 10 \, N \). What is the acceleration of the body?**
a) \( 5 \, m/s^2 \)
b) \( 10 \, m/s^2 \)
c) \( 2 \, m/s^2 \)
d) \( 20 \, m/s^2 \)
**Answer: a) \( 5 \, m/s^2 \)**
Significant Figures and Errors MCQs
1. **Which of the following represents the number with the correct number of significant figures?**
a) 0.00560
b) 0.5600
c) 56.00
d) 56000
**Answer: a) 0.00560**
2. **The number 0.007030 has how many significant figures?**
a) 3
b) 4
c) 5
d) 6
**Answer: c) 4**
3. **When adding the numbers 12.11, 18.0, and 1.013, the result should be reported with how many decimal places?**
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
**Answer: b) 1**
4. **If a measurement is recorded as 3.050 x 10^2 meters, how many significant figures does it have?**
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
**Answer: c) 4**
5. **Which of the following is the correct representation of 150,000 with three significant figures in scientific notation?**
a) \( 1.50 \times 10^5 \)
b) \( 1.5 \times 10^5 \)
c) \( 1.50 \times 10^4 \)
d) \( 1.5 \times 10^4 \)
**Answer: a) \( 1.50 \times 10^5 \)**
6. **In multiplication and division, the number of significant figures in the result should be equal to the number of significant figures in the:**
a) Smallest number
b) Largest number
c) Number with the smallest decimal place
d) Number with the largest decimal place
**Answer: a) Smallest number**
7. **Which of the following statements is correct regarding significant figures?**
a) All non-zero digits are significant
b) Zeros between non-zero digits are significant
c) Leading zeros are not significant
d) All of the above
**Answer: d) All of the above**
8. **Which of the following errors arises due to the limitations of measuring instruments?**
a) Systematic error
b) Random error
c) Gross error
d) Absolute error
**Answer: a) Systematic error**
9. **The absolute error in a measurement is:**
a) The difference between the measured value and the true value
b) The ratio of the measured value to the true value
c) The ratio of the true value to the measured value
d) None of the above
**Answer: a) The difference between the measured value and the true value**
10. **If a length is measured as 4.56 m with an uncertainty of 0.01 m, what is the relative error?**
a) \( 0.01 \% \)
b) \( 0.22 \% \)
c) \( 0.44 \% \)
d) \( 2.2 \% \)
**Answer: b) \( 0.22 \% \)**
11. **The percentage error in a measurement of 50.0 cm with an error of 0.2 cm is:**
a) \( 0.4\% \)
b) \( 0.2\% \)
c) \( 2.0\% \)
d) \( 4.0\% \)
**Answer: a) \( 0.4\% \)**
12. **Which of the following represents a measurement with the greatest precision?**
a) 4.0 m
b) 4.00 m
c) 4.000 m
d) 4.0000 m
**Answer: d) 4.0000 m**
13. **If two quantities with uncertainties are added, the uncertainty in the result is:**
a) The sum of the uncertainties in the two quantities
b) The product of the uncertainties in the two quantities
c) The difference of the uncertainties in the two quantities
d) None of the above
**Answer: a) The sum of the uncertainties in the two quantities**
14. **The term 'least count' refers to:**
a) The smallest quantity that can be measured by the instrument
b) The largest quantity that can be measured by the instrument
c) The accuracy of the instrument
d) The precision of the instrument
**Answer: a) The smallest quantity that can be measured by the instrument**
15. **The result of the expression (5.21 ± 0.01) + (3.87 ± 0.02) should be written as:**
a) \( 9.08 ± 0.03 \)
b) \( 9.08 ± 0.02 \)
c) \( 9.08 ± 0.01 \)
d) \( 9.08 ± 0.04 \)
**Answer: a) \( 9.08 ± 0.03 \)**
#### True/False Questions
11. **The acceleration due to gravity is the same on all objects regardless of their mass.**
**Answer: True**
12. **Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.**
**Answer: True**
13. **Centripetal force acts away from the center of the circular path.**
**Answer: False**
14. **In an elastic collision, both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.**
**Answer: True**
15. **A force is a vector quantity.**
**Answer: True**
#### Short Answer Questions
16. **Define Newton's first law of motion.**
**Answer:** Newton's first law of motion states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force.
17. **What is meant by the term 'free fall'?**
**Answer:** Free fall is the motion of a body where gravity is the only force acting upon it.
18. **State the principle of conservation of momentum.**
**Answer:** The principle of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of a closed system remains constant if no external forces are acting on it.
19. **Differentiate between speed and velocity.**
**Answer:** Speed is a scalar quantity that refers to how fast an object is moving, while velocity is a vector quantity that refers to the speed of an object in a specific direction.
20. **What is the work done by a force of 10 N moving an object 5 meters in the direction of the force?**
**Answer:** The work done is calculated by the formula \( Work = Force \times Distance \). So, \( Work = 10 \, N \times 5 \, m = 50 \, J \).
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